[ { "record_id": "AMP-001", "common_name": "African elephant", "scientific_name": "Loxodonta africana", "animal_group": "Elephant", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.035, "prr_pct_adult_life": 3.5, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 59.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-002", "common_name": "American bison", "scientific_name": "Bison bison", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.029, "prr_pct_adult_life": 2.9, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 17.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.009-0.048; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.009, "scenario_high": 0.048, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-003", "common_name": "American red squirrel", "scientific_name": "Tamiasciurus hudsonicus", "animal_group": "Rodent", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.0, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.0, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 8.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-004", "common_name": "Antarctic fur seal", "scientific_name": "Arctocephalus gazella", "animal_group": "Seal or sea lion", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.004, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.4, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 17.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.001-0.006; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.001, "scenario_high": 0.006, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-005", "common_name": "Arctic fox", "scientific_name": "Vulpes lagopus", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.002, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.2, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 10.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.001-0.003; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.001, "scenario_high": 0.003, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-006", "common_name": "Australian fur seal", "scientific_name": "Arctocephalus pusillus", "animal_group": "Seal or sea lion", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.002, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.2, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 20.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.001-0.003; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.001, "scenario_high": 0.003, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-007", "common_name": "Banded mongoose", "scientific_name": "Mungos mungo", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.0, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.0, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 10.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-008", "common_name": "Belding's ground squirrel", "scientific_name": "Urocitellus beldingi", "animal_group": "Rodent", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.001, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.1, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 8.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-009", "common_name": "Bighorn sheep", "scientific_name": "Ovis canadensis", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.004, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.4, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 16.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-010", "common_name": "Blue monkey", "scientific_name": "Cercopithecus mitis", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.005, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.5, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 29.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-011", "common_name": "Brown bear", "scientific_name": "Ursus arctos", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.002, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.2, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 30.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0-0.003; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.0, "scenario_high": 0.003, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-012", "common_name": "Cheetah", "scientific_name": "Acinonyx jubatus", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.003, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.3, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 12.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-013", "common_name": "Chimpanzee (Gombe, Tanzania)", "scientific_name": "Pan troglodytes", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.006, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.6, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 50.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-014", "common_name": "Collared peccary", "scientific_name": "Pecari tajacu", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.005, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.5, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 15.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.002-0.008; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.002, "scenario_high": 0.008, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-015", "common_name": "Mountain gorilla (Rwanda)", "scientific_name": "Gorilla beringei", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.022, "prr_pct_adult_life": 2.2, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 38.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-016", "common_name": "European badger", "scientific_name": "Meles meles", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.004, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.4, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 12.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-017", "common_name": "Fin whale", "scientific_name": "Balaenoptera physalus", "animal_group": "Baleen whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.006, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.6, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 95.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0-0.012; one population Historical whaling altered mortality; age 95 is the modeled M threshold, not a directly observed last birth.", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.0, "scenario_high": 0.012, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-018", "common_name": "Golden-mantled ground squirrel", "scientific_name": "Callospermophilus lateralis", "animal_group": "Rodent", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.0, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.0, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 7.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0-0; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.0, "scenario_high": 0.0, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-019", "common_name": "Hawaiian monk seal", "scientific_name": "Monachus schauinslandi", "animal_group": "Seal or sea lion", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.0, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.0, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 28.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-020", "common_name": "Himalayan tahr", "scientific_name": "Hemitragus jemlahicus", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.003, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.3, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 16.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.001-0.003; one population Study population was predator-free.", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.001, "scenario_high": 0.003, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-021", "common_name": "Hippopotamus", "scientific_name": "Hippopotamus amphibius", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.009, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.9, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 41.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-022", "common_name": "Human (Hadza hunter-gatherers, Tanzania)", "scientific_name": "Homo sapiens", "animal_group": "Human", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "human_reference", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.443, "prr_pct_adult_life": 44.3, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 41.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Women live a large share of adult life after reproduction ends", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-023", "common_name": "Japanese macaque (wild)", "scientific_name": "Macaca fuscata", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.005, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.5, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 14.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-024", "common_name": "Japanese serow", "scientific_name": "Capricornis crispus", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.0, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.0, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 20.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0-0; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.0, "scenario_high": 0.0, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-025", "common_name": "Killer whale (orca)", "scientific_name": "Orcinus orca", "animal_group": "Toothed whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "strong_wild", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.309, "prr_pct_adult_life": 30.9, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 41.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Significant life stage after reproduction in the wild", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-026", "common_name": "Lechwe", "scientific_name": "Kobus leche", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.003, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.3, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 11.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.002-0.006; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.002, "scenario_high": 0.006, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-027", "common_name": "Leopard", "scientific_name": "Panthera pardus", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.012, "prr_pct_adult_life": 1.2, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 16.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-028", "common_name": "Lion", "scientific_name": "Panthera leo", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.004, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.4, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 15.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-029", "common_name": "Long-finned pilot whale", "scientific_name": "Globicephala melas", "animal_group": "Toothed whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.002, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.2, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 57.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0-0.002; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.0, "scenario_high": 0.002, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-030", "common_name": "Meerkat", "scientific_name": "Suricata suricatta", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.004, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.4, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 12.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.002-0.008; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.002, "scenario_high": 0.008, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-031", "common_name": "Moose", "scientific_name": "Alces alces", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.02, "prr_pct_adult_life": 2.0, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 15.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.007-0.029; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.007, "scenario_high": 0.029, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-032", "common_name": "North American beaver", "scientific_name": "Castor canadensis", "animal_group": "Rodent", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.003, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.3, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 13.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.002-0.007; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.002, "scenario_high": 0.007, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-033", "common_name": "Northern fur seal", "scientific_name": "Callorhinus ursinus", "animal_group": "Seal or sea lion", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.002, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.2, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 21.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0-0.002; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.0, "scenario_high": 0.002, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-034", "common_name": "Olive baboon", "scientific_name": "Papio anubis", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.02, "prr_pct_adult_life": 2.0, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 23.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-035", "common_name": "Plains zebra", "scientific_name": "Equus quagga", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.006, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.6, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 19.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.002-0.011; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.002, "scenario_high": 0.011, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-036", "common_name": "Polar bear", "scientific_name": "Ursus maritimus", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.013, "prr_pct_adult_life": 1.3, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 27.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.004-0.019; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.004, "scenario_high": 0.019, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-037", "common_name": "Pyrenean chamois", "scientific_name": "Rupicapra pyrenaica", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.001, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.1, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 11.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.001-0.001; one population Study population was predator-free.", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.001, "scenario_high": 0.001, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-038", "common_name": "Raccoon", "scientific_name": "Procyon lotor", "animal_group": "Carnivore", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.004, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.4, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 12.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.002-0.005; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.002, "scenario_high": 0.005, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-039", "common_name": "Red deer", "scientific_name": "Cervus elaphus", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.001, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.1, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 17.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods Study population was predator-free.", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-040", "common_name": "Reindeer", "scientific_name": "Rangifer tarandus", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.001, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.1, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 16.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0-0.002; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.0, "scenario_high": 0.002, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-041", "common_name": "Ring-tailed lemur", "scientific_name": "Lemur catta", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.001, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.1, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 16.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-042", "common_name": "Short-finned pilot whale", "scientific_name": "Globicephala macrorhynchus", "animal_group": "Toothed whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "strong_wild", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.26, "prr_pct_adult_life": 26.0, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 34.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Significant life stage after reproduction in the wild", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.131-0.352; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.131, "scenario_high": 0.352, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-043", "common_name": "Soay sheep", "scientific_name": "Ovis aries", "animal_group": "Hoofed mammal", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.001, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.1, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 13.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-044", "common_name": "Steller sea lion", "scientific_name": "Eumetopias jubatus", "animal_group": "Seal or sea lion", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.017, "prr_pct_adult_life": 1.7, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 27.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.008-0.029; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.008, "scenario_high": 0.029, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-045", "common_name": "Verreaux's sifaka", "scientific_name": "Propithecus verreauxi", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.003, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.3, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 30.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-046", "common_name": "Walrus", "scientific_name": "Odobenus rosmarus", "animal_group": "Walrus (pinniped)", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.018, "prr_pct_adult_life": 1.8, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 24.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.008-0.029; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.008, "scenario_high": 0.029, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits. Animal-group label checked against NOAA Fisheries: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/it-seal-or-sea-lion .", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-047", "common_name": "Weddell seal", "scientific_name": "Leptonychotes weddellii", "animal_group": "Seal or sea lion", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.001, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.1, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 17.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0-0.002; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.0, "scenario_high": 0.002, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-048", "common_name": "West Indian manatee", "scientific_name": "Trichechus manatus", "animal_group": "Sea cow", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.009, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.9, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 56.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "Population-growth sensitivity range 0.003-0.014; one population", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": 0.003, "scenario_high": 0.014, "scenario_metric": "demographic_prr", "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas. Scenario endpoints are sensitivity results under alternative population growth assumptions, not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-049", "common_name": "White-headed capuchin", "scientific_name": "Cebus capucinus", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.004, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.4, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 25.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-050", "common_name": "Yellow baboon", "scientific_name": "Papio cynocephalus", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.036, "prr_pct_adult_life": 3.6, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 21.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-051", "common_name": "Yellow-bellied marmot", "scientific_name": "Marmota flaviventris", "animal_group": "Rodent", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.006, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.6, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 12.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction in this wild population", "limit": "One population; values from different studies use different data periods", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Ecology and Evolution 8:2482-2494, Table 1", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source. Ellis 2018 uses first observed reproduction for age B; M is 95% of summed age-specific fecundity, independent of mortality. Table 1 values used consistently; prose differs for humans and orcas.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Methods 2.2-2.5", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5838047/table/ece33856-tbl-0001/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-052", "common_name": "Chimpanzee (Ngogo community, Uganda)", "scientific_name": "Pan troglodytes", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "strong_wild", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR) + urine hormones", "prr": 0.195, "prr_pct_adult_life": 19.5, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 47.0, "sample": "185 females tracked 1995-2016; 560 urine samples from 66 females", "finding": "No births after age 50; hormones rose sharply after 50 as in human menopause", "limit": "Ngogo community only; demographic years 1995-2016. Major respiratory outbreak occurred in 2017, after that observation window. Older ages were estimated; hormonal samples and demographic sample differ.", "source": "Wood et al. 2023, Science 382:eadd5473", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/", "source_year": "2023", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Results; Table 1; Materials and Methods (PrR and urinary hormones)", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-053", "common_name": "Chimpanzee (five-site wild composite)", "scientific_name": "Pan troglodytes", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.018, "prr_pct_adult_life": 1.8, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 45.0, "sample": "Gombe, Tai, Kanyawara, Mahale and Bossou combined", "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction", "limit": "Compiled value from an earlier study", "source": "Levitis, Burger and Lackey 2013, Evolutionary Anthropology 22:66-79, Table 1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21332", "source_year": "2013", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Box 1", "source_read_url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236182053_The_human_post-fertile_lifespan_in_comparative_evolutionary_context", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-054", "common_name": "Rhesus macaque (wild)", "scientific_name": "Macaca mulatta", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.007, "prr_pct_adult_life": 0.7, "prr_significant": "no", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 21.0, "sample": null, "finding": "No significant life stage after reproduction", "limit": "The 2013 table gives no underlying demographic reference or named wild population; the published point estimate is verified, not its raw inputs.", "source": "Levitis, Burger and Lackey 2013, Evolutionary Anthropology 22:66-79, Table 1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21332", "source_year": "2013", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Box 1", "source_read_url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236182053_The_human_post-fertile_lifespan_in_comparative_evolutionary_context", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-055", "common_name": "Chimpanzee (zoos)", "scientific_name": "Pan troglodytes", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "zoo", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.224, "prr_pct_adult_life": 22.4, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 40.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Significant life after reproduction in zoos", "limit": "Zoo-living composite; original ISIS inputs are restricted. Published estimate checked; raw life tables not reanalyzed.", "source": "Levitis, Burger and Lackey 2013, Evolutionary Anthropology 22:66-79, Table 1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21332", "source_year": "2013", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Box 1", "source_read_url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236182053_The_human_post-fertile_lifespan_in_comparative_evolutionary_context", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-056", "common_name": "Western gorilla (zoos)", "scientific_name": "Gorilla gorilla", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "zoo", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": null, "finding": "Zoo-living post-reproductive survival is reported in Wood et al. 2023 Table 1; its original numerical appendix could not be independently checked.", "limit": "Original Appendix S2 download blocked. Numeric PrR withheld, not zero and not a claim that no estimate exists. Captive demographic record, not physiological proof of menopause.", "source": "Levitis and Lackey 2011, Methods in Ecology and Evolution 2:446-453, Appendix S2; record reproduced in Wood et al. 2023 Table 1", "source_url": "https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00095.x", "source_year": "2011", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "No public numeric value until the original Appendix S2 estimate can be checked. Do not substitute zero.", "source_locator": "Original Appendix S2 (unavailable); Wood 2023 Table 1 (read)", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/", "verification_status": "secondary_record_verified_numeric_withheld", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-057", "common_name": "Sumatran orangutan (zoos)", "scientific_name": "Pongo abelii", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "zoo", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": null, "finding": "Zoo-living post-reproductive survival is reported in Wood et al. 2023 Table 1; its original numerical appendix could not be independently checked.", "limit": "Original Appendix S2 download blocked. Numeric PrR withheld, not zero and not a claim that no estimate exists. Captive demographic record, not physiological proof of menopause.", "source": "Levitis and Lackey 2011, Methods in Ecology and Evolution 2:446-453, Appendix S2; record reproduced in Wood et al. 2023 Table 1", "source_url": "https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00095.x", "source_year": "2011", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "No public numeric value until the original Appendix S2 estimate can be checked. Do not substitute zero.", "source_locator": "Original Appendix S2 (unavailable); Wood 2023 Table 1 (read)", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/", "verification_status": "secondary_record_verified_numeric_withheld", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-058", "common_name": "Bornean orangutan (zoos)", "scientific_name": "Pongo pygmaeus", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "zoo", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": null, "finding": "Zoo-living post-reproductive survival is reported in Wood et al. 2023 Table 1; its original numerical appendix could not be independently checked.", "limit": "Original Appendix S2 download blocked. Numeric PrR withheld, not zero and not a claim that no estimate exists. Captive demographic record, not physiological proof of menopause.", "source": "Levitis and Lackey 2011, Methods in Ecology and Evolution 2:446-453, Appendix S2; record reproduced in Wood et al. 2023 Table 1", "source_url": "https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00095.x", "source_year": "2011", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "No public numeric value until the original Appendix S2 estimate can be checked. Do not substitute zero.", "source_locator": "Original Appendix S2 (unavailable); Wood 2023 Table 1 (read)", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/", "verification_status": "secondary_record_verified_numeric_withheld", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-059", "common_name": "Japanese macaque (zoos)", "scientific_name": "Macaca fuscata", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "zoo", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.247, "prr_pct_adult_life": 24.7, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 21.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Significant life after reproduction in zoos", "limit": "Zoo-living composite; original ISIS inputs are restricted. Published estimate checked; raw life tables not reanalyzed.", "source": "Levitis, Burger and Lackey 2013, Evolutionary Anthropology 22:66-79, Table 1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21332", "source_year": "2013", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Box 1", "source_read_url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236182053_The_human_post-fertile_lifespan_in_comparative_evolutionary_context", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-060", "common_name": "Rhesus macaque (zoos)", "scientific_name": "Macaca mulatta", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "zoo", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.178, "prr_pct_adult_life": 17.8, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 24.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Significant life after reproduction in zoos", "limit": "Zoo-living composite; original ISIS inputs are restricted. Published estimate checked; raw life tables not reanalyzed.", "source": "Levitis, Burger and Lackey 2013, Evolutionary Anthropology 22:66-79, Table 1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21332", "source_year": "2013", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Box 1", "source_read_url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236182053_The_human_post-fertile_lifespan_in_comparative_evolutionary_context", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-061", "common_name": "Japanese macaque (provisioned sanctuary, Texas)", "scientific_name": "Macaca fuscata", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "provisioned", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.054, "prr_pct_adult_life": 5.4, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 22.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Some life after reproduction when fed by people", "limit": "Provisioned/semi-free-ranging population, not unprovisioned wild animals. Table 1 gives 0.054; the 2013 figure caption rounds/displays 0.055. Table value retained.", "source": "Levitis, Burger and Lackey 2013, Evolutionary Anthropology 22:66-79, Table 1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21332", "source_year": "2013", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Box 1", "source_read_url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236182053_The_human_post-fertile_lifespan_in_comparative_evolutionary_context", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-062", "common_name": "Human (!Kung hunter-gatherers, Botswana)", "scientific_name": "Homo sapiens", "animal_group": "Human", "setting": "natural-fertility population", "evidence_level": "human_reference", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.425, "prr_pct_adult_life": 42.5, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 42.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Women live a large share of adult life after reproduction ends", "limit": "Uses the directly checked 2013 Table 1 estimate (0.425), not the 2011 estimate (0.426) reproduced in Wood 2023. Not current population statistics.", "source": "Levitis, Burger and Lackey 2013, Evolutionary Anthropology 22:66-79, Table 1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21332", "source_year": "2013", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Box 1", "source_read_url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236182053_The_human_post-fertile_lifespan_in_comparative_evolutionary_context", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-063", "common_name": "Human (Ache hunter-gatherers, Paraguay)", "scientific_name": "Homo sapiens", "animal_group": "Human", "setting": "natural-fertility population", "evidence_level": "human_reference", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR)", "prr": 0.439, "prr_pct_adult_life": 43.9, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 44.0, "sample": null, "finding": "Women live a large share of adult life after reproduction ends", "limit": "Published life-table estimate, not current population statistics; original individual observations were not reanalyzed.", "source": "Levitis, Burger and Lackey 2013, Evolutionary Anthropology 22:66-79, Table 1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21332", "source_year": "2013", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Box 1", "source_read_url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236182053_The_human_post-fertile_lifespan_in_comparative_evolutionary_context", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10645439/" }, { "record_id": "AMP-064", "common_name": "Beluga whale", "scientific_name": "Delphinapterus leucas", "animal_group": "Toothed whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "strong_wild", "evidence_type": "ovarian activity by age", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": "1 of 3 positive species among 16 toothed whale species with ovary data", "finding": "Ovary-based Phys-PrR of 0.27 (27.0%) under the stable-population model; significant (p < 0.001).", "limit": "Wild-origin ovarian samples and modeled survival; this is not a direct birth-record PrR estimate.", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Scientific Reports 8:12833", "source_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-31047-8", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": 0.27, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": 27.0, "scenario_low": 0.19, "scenario_high": 0.33, "scenario_metric": "phys_prr", "metric_notes": "Phys-PrR: ovarian-activity-based estimate using physiological fecundity, not births. Central value assumes a stable population. Scenario endpoints use declining/growing populations, not confidence intervals. Do not merge with demographic PrR.", "source_locator": "Table 1; physiological PrR Methods", "source_read_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-31047-8", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-065", "common_name": "Narwhal", "scientific_name": "Monodon monoceros", "animal_group": "Toothed whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "strong_wild", "evidence_type": "ovarian activity by age", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": "1 of 3 positive species among 16 toothed whale species with ovary data", "finding": "Ovary-based Phys-PrR of 0.24 (24.0%) under the stable-population model; significant (p < 0.001).", "limit": "Wild-origin ovarian samples and modeled survival; this is not a direct birth-record PrR estimate.", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Scientific Reports 8:12833", "source_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-31047-8", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": 0.24, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": 24.0, "scenario_low": 0.19, "scenario_high": 0.29, "scenario_metric": "phys_prr", "metric_notes": "Phys-PrR: ovarian-activity-based estimate using physiological fecundity, not births. Central value assumes a stable population. Scenario endpoints use declining/growing populations, not confidence intervals. Do not merge with demographic PrR.", "source_locator": "Table 1; physiological PrR Methods", "source_read_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-31047-8", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-066", "common_name": "Short-finned pilot whale (ovary data)", "scientific_name": "Globicephala macrorhynchus", "animal_group": "Toothed whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "strong_wild", "evidence_type": "ovarian activity by age", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": "1 of 3 positive species among 16 toothed whale species with ovary data", "finding": "Ovary-based Phys-PrR of 0.15 (15.0%) under the stable-population model; significant (p < 0.001).", "limit": "Wild-origin ovarian samples and modeled survival; this is not a direct birth-record PrR estimate.", "source": "Ellis et al. 2018, Scientific Reports 8:12833", "source_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-31047-8", "source_year": "2018", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": 0.15, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": 15.0, "scenario_low": 0.08, "scenario_high": 0.22, "scenario_metric": "phys_prr", "metric_notes": "Phys-PrR: ovarian-activity-based estimate using physiological fecundity, not births. Central value assumes a stable population. Scenario endpoints use declining/growing populations, not confidence intervals. Do not merge with demographic PrR.", "source_locator": "Table 1; physiological PrR Methods", "source_read_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-31047-8", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-067", "common_name": "False killer whale", "scientific_name": "Pseudorca crassidens", "animal_group": "Toothed whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "strong_wild", "evidence_type": "ovarian morphology plus demographic PrR", "prr": 0.14, "prr_pct_adult_life": 14.0, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 39.0, "sample": "91 females with age data; 137 with reproductive organs examined", "finding": "Combined South African and Japanese sample: demographic PrR 0.14 (14.0%) and ovarian evidence of a post-reproductive phase.", "limit": "South Africa 1981 stranding and Japan 1979-1980 harvest samples. Separate demographic PrR estimates were 0.37 and 0.12. A 2018 ovarian-based test of Japanese false killer whales was not significant; the 2024 synthesis still includes the species.", "source": "Photopoulou et al. 2017, Frontiers in Zoology 14:30", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12983-017-0208-y", "source_year": "2017", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR from the combined sample; not the physiological PrR test in Ellis 2018. Age B 10, age M 39. Population-specific estimates are not confidence limits.", "source_locator": "Abstract; Results; Table 2", "source_read_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12983-017-0208-y", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-068", "common_name": "Mountain gorilla (Bwindi, Uganda)", "scientific_name": "Gorilla beringei", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "likely_wild_unconfirmed", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR) + birth records", "prr": 0.1, "prr_pct_adult_life": 10.0, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": "25 adult females in 4 groups; 7 lived 10+ years past their last birth", "finding": "Significant life after reproduction; authors call menopause a highly plausible cause", "limit": "Methods cannot tell menopause from other causes of infertility; no hormone or ovary data in this study", "source": "Smit and Robbins 2025, PNAS 122(42):e2510998122", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12557517/", "source_year": "2025", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR: estimated post-reproductive adult female life-years / all adult female life-years; not a percentage of females. B and M definitions follow the source.", "source_locator": "Results; demographic methods", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12557517/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-069", "common_name": "Rhesus macaque (research colony)", "scientific_name": "Macaca mulatta", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "captive", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "blood hormones + menstrual records + ovary tissue", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": "15 females aged 8-34 followed 1 year; 6 postmenopausal (ages 27-34); ovaries of 4 examined", "finding": "Six of 15 captive females, aged 27-34, were classified as postmenopausal during the 1991 observation year; ovarian tissue was available from four.", "limit": "Age-selected sample, not prevalence. One of the six had evidence of a possible isolated ovulation; the author still classified her as postmenopausal.", "source": "Walker 1995, American Journal of Primatology 35:59-71", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10590078/", "source_year": "1995", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": null, "source_locator": "Abstract; Tables I-II; Results, Menopause", "source_read_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10590078/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-070", "common_name": "Western lowland gorilla (zoo study)", "scientific_name": "Gorilla gorilla", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "zoo", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "fecal hormone cycles", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": "30 females; 22 aged 30 or older; about 23% of those were acyclic", "finding": "Some older females stopped cycling (menopause); about 32% showed perimenopause-like patterns", "limit": "Hormone cycles only; zoo population", "source": "Atsalis and Margulis 2006, International Journal of Primatology 27:1663-1687", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10764-006-9097-1", "source_year": "2006", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": null, "source_locator": "Publisher abstract, age-30-plus subgroup", "source_read_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10764-006-9097-1", "verification_status": "verified_primary_abstract", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-071", "common_name": "Sumatran orangutan (one zoo female, Jersey)", "scientific_name": "Pongo abelii", "animal_group": "Primate", "setting": "zoo", "evidence_level": "captive_evidence", "evidence_type": "ultrasound + blood hormones + tissue", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": "1 female, about 50 years old, previously fertile", "finding": "Low estradiol and high FSH; findings consistent with natural menopause", "limit": "One animal; no rate or typical age can be drawn", "source": "MacLachlan et al. 2025, Zoo Biology 44(1):87-91; first online October 22, 2024", "source_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/zoo.21874", "source_year": "2025", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": null, "source_locator": "Publisher abstract and publication history", "source_read_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/zoo.21874", "verification_status": "verified_primary_abstract", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-072", "common_name": "Asian elephant (semi-captive timber elephants, Myanmar)", "scientific_name": "Elephas maximus", "animal_group": "Elephant", "setting": "semi-captive", "evidence_level": "long_life_not_menopause", "evidence_type": "life table (PrR), long-term records", "prr": 0.162, "prr_pct_adult_life": 16.2, "prr_significant": "yes", "age_m_95pct_fertility": 55.0, "sample": "3,802 female semi-captive timber elephants; records through 2018", "finding": "Full-population demographic PrR 0.162 (16.2%); the authors judged physiological reproductive cessation an unlikely cause.", "limit": "Semi-captive Myanmar timber elephants, not a wild population. Captive-born subgroup PrR 0.207; age-bias sensitivity estimates 0.148-0.207 across analyses are not confidence limits or proof of menopause.", "source": "Chapman et al. 2019, BMC Evolutionary Biology 19:193", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12862-019-1513-1", "source_year": "2019", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": "Demographic PrR; full-population Table 1 value, B 17 and M 55. Do not present it as the share of elephants with menopause.", "source_locator": "Table 1; Results and Discussion", "source_read_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12862-019-1513-1", "verification_status": "verified_primary_full_text", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-073", "common_name": "Long-finned pilot whale (genetic study)", "scientific_name": "Globicephala melas", "animal_group": "Toothed whale", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "tested_wild_not_found", "evidence_type": "genetic parentage + reproduction", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": "1,522 individuals in 22 pods", "finding": "Genetic study of a species lacking a widespread post-reproductive lifespan; females with many adult daughters were less likely to breed.", "limit": "Individual females may still stop; not the same as no one ever stopping", "source": "Nichols et al. 2020, Behavioral Ecology 31(2):508-518", "source_url": "https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article-abstract/31/2/508/5697334", "source_year": "2020", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": null, "source_locator": "Publisher abstract; online January 7, 2020", "source_read_url": "https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article-abstract/31/2/508/5697334", "verification_status": "verified_primary_abstract", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-074", "common_name": "Domestic dog", "scientific_name": "Canis familiaris", "animal_group": "Pet", "setting": "pets", "evidence_level": "keeps_cycling", "evidence_type": "veterinary review", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": null, "finding": "Most unspayed females continue heat cycles through life; gaps may grow with age.", "limit": "Veterinary review, not a population prevalence study. Infertility can occur; ask a veterinarian about an individual dog. Numerical cycle-gap range omitted because its original measurement was not checked.", "source": "Hanim and Chotimanukul 2025, Journal of Veterinary Science 26(S1):S139-S156", "source_url": "https://vetsci.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4142%2Fjvs.25218", "source_year": "2025", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": null, "source_locator": "Observations: Reproductive aging in female dogs", "source_read_url": "https://vetsci.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4142%2Fjvs.25218", "verification_status": "verified_veterinary_review", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-075", "common_name": "Domestic cat", "scientific_name": "Felis catus", "animal_group": "Pet", "setting": "pets", "evidence_level": "keeps_cycling", "evidence_type": "veterinary clinic guidance", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": null, "finding": "Veterinary guidance says unspayed cats do not have a normal human-like menopause; older cats may still become pregnant.", "limit": "Primary clinic guidance, not a species-wide physiological study; it does not guarantee fertility in every older cat.", "source": "Badger Creek Veterinary Clinic, 'Cats - Why It's Important to Spay or Neuter' (updated 2025)", "source_url": "https://badgercreekvetclinic.com/cats-why-its-important-to-spay-or-neuter/", "source_year": "2025", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": null, "source_locator": "Section stating cats do not undergo menopause", "source_read_url": "https://badgercreekvetclinic.com/cats-why-its-important-to-spay-or-neuter/", "verification_status": "verified_veterinary_guidance", "secondary_source_url": null }, { "record_id": "AMP-076", "common_name": "Japanese gall aphid", "scientific_name": "Quadrartus yoshinomiyai", "animal_group": "Insect", "setting": "wild", "evidence_level": "insect_menopause_like", "evidence_type": "field behavior + reproduction", "prr": null, "prr_pct_adult_life": null, "prr_significant": null, "age_m_95pct_fertility": null, "sample": null, "finding": "Older wingless females stop reproducing, then defend the colony by gluing themselves to predators with wax", "limit": "An insect life stage, not mammal menopause", "source": "Uematsu et al. 2010, Current Biology 20(13):1182-1186", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2010.04.057", "source_year": "2010", "checked_on": "2026-09-29", "phys_prr": null, "phys_prr_pct_adult_life": null, "scenario_low": null, "scenario_high": null, "scenario_metric": null, "metric_notes": null, "source_locator": "Original abstract, author institution record", "source_read_url": "https://keio.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/altruistic-colony-defense-by-menopausal-female-insects/", "verification_status": "verified_primary_abstract", "secondary_source_url": null } ]