{ "dataset_name": "The HRT Index Menopause Statistics Evidence Ledger", "dataset_version": "1.0", "published": "2026-08-01", "last_verified": "2026-08-01", "canonical_url": "https://thehrtindex.com/research/menopause-statistics/", "method_summary": "Claim-level extraction and normalization from official health-agency sources, peer-reviewed original research, an international guideline, and transparent arithmetic.", "record_count": 108, "fields": [ "record_id", "topic", "metric", "estimate", "unit", "lower_ci", "upper_ci", "study_count", "sample_size", "population", "denominator", "geography", "menopause_stage", "study_design", "value_type", "calculation", "data_period", "source_title", "source_publisher", "source_year", "source_url", "material_limitation", "safe_quote", "common_misquote", "verified_on", "dataset_version", "publish_status" ], "records": [ { "record_id": "SYM-joint-muscular-discomfort", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Joint and muscular discomfort", "estimate": "65.43", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "62.51", "upper_ci": "68.29", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of joint and muscular discomfort at 65.43% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "65.43% of all women everywhere experience joint and muscular discomfort.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-physical-mental-exhaustion", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Physical and mental exhaustion", "estimate": "64.13", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "60.93", "upper_ci": "67.27", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of physical and mental exhaustion at 64.13% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "64.13% of all women everywhere experience physical and mental exhaustion.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-poor-memory", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Poor memory", "estimate": "54.44", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "48.87", "upper_ci": "59.95", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of poor memory at 54.44% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "54.44% of all women everywhere experience poor memory.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-irritability", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Irritability", "estimate": "54.37", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "50.80", "upper_ci": "57.92", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of irritability at 54.37% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "54.37% of all women everywhere experience irritability.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-hot-flashes", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Hot flashes", "estimate": "52.65", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "50.24", "upper_ci": "55.06", "study_count": 265, "sample_size": 349608, "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of hot flashes at 52.65% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "52.65% of all women everywhere experience hot flashes.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-sleep-problems", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Sleep problems", "estimate": "51.89", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "49.55", "upper_ci": "54.22", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of sleep problems at 51.89% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "51.89% of all women everywhere experience sleep problems.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-anxiety", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Anxiety", "estimate": "50.53", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "46.65", "upper_ci": "54.40", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of anxiety at 50.53% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "50.53% of all women everywhere experience anxiety.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-mood-swings", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Mood swings", "estimate": "49.03", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "43.65", "upper_ci": "54.43", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of mood swings at 49.03% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "49.03% of all women everywhere experience mood swings.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-skin-appearance", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Changes in skin appearance, texture, or tone", "estimate": "46.48", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "36.21", "upper_ci": "56.89", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of changes in skin appearance, texture, or tone at 46.48% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "46.48% of all women everywhere experience changes in skin appearance, texture, or tone.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-drying-skin", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Drying skin", "estimate": "46.03", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "38.81", "upper_ci": "53.34", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of drying skin at 46.03% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "46.03% of all women everywhere experience drying skin.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-sexual-problems", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Sexual problems", "estimate": "45.45", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "41.89", "upper_ci": "49.04", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of sexual problems at 45.45% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "45.45% of all women everywhere experience sexual problems.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-difficulty-concentrating", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Difficulty concentrating", "estimate": "44.85", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "37.71", "upper_ci": "52.09", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of difficulty concentrating at 44.85% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "44.85% of all women everywhere experience difficulty concentrating.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-headaches", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Headaches", "estimate": "43.91", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "40.64", "upper_ci": "47.21", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of headaches at 43.91% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "43.91% of all women everywhere experience headaches.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-depression", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Depression", "estimate": "43.34", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "40.29", "upper_ci": "46.42", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of depression at 43.34% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "43.34% of all women everywhere experience depression.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-heart-discomfort", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Heart discomfort", "estimate": "42.12", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "38.85", "upper_ci": "45.42", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of heart discomfort at 42.12% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "42.12% of all women everywhere experience heart discomfort.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-vaginal-dryness", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Vaginal dryness", "estimate": "37.34", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "34.30", "upper_ci": "40.44", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of vaginal dryness at 37.34% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "37.34% of all women everywhere experience vaginal dryness.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-urinary-problems", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Urinary problems", "estimate": "34.49", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "31.70", "upper_ci": "37.34", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of urinary problems at 34.49% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "34.49% of all women everywhere experience urinary problems.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-increased-facial-hair", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Increased facial hair", "estimate": "27.19", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "21.09", "upper_ci": "33.74", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of increased facial hair at 27.19% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "27.19% of all women everywhere experience increased facial hair.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "SYM-formication", "topic": "symptom prevalence", "metric": "Formication", "estimate": "20.50", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "13.44", "upper_ci": "28.60", "study_count": 16, "sample_size": 52195, "population": "Middle-aged women represented in symptom-specific studies included in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Symptom-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies by symptom", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or not consistently reported", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Extreme between-study heterogeneity; evidence certainty rated very low; instruments and populations varied.", "safe_quote": "A 2024 meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalence of formication at 20.50% among middle-aged women.", "common_misquote": "20.50% of all women everywhere experience formication.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-SYM-ABOVE50", "topic": "original symptom synthesis", "metric": "Symptom estimates above 50%", "estimate": "7", "unit": "of 19 symptom estimates", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "The 19 source-reported symptom point estimates", "denominator": "19 symptom categories, treated as an unweighted set", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "Count point estimates > 50.00", "data_period": "Source studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Describes the distribution of symptom-level estimates, not people and not prevalence of any symptom.", "safe_quote": "Seven of the 19 pooled symptom point estimates exceeded 50%.", "common_misquote": "Seven of every 19 women experience a symptom above 50%.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-SYM-ABOVE40", "topic": "original symptom synthesis", "metric": "Symptom estimates above 40%", "estimate": "15", "unit": "of 19 symptom estimates", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "The 19 source-reported symptom point estimates", "denominator": "19 symptom categories, treated as an unweighted set", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "Count point estimates > 40.00", "data_period": "Source studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Describes the distribution of symptom-level estimates, not people and not prevalence of any symptom.", "safe_quote": "Fifteen of the 19 pooled symptom point estimates exceeded 40%.", "common_misquote": "Fifteen symptoms occur in the same 40% of women.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-SYM-MEDIAN", "topic": "original symptom synthesis", "metric": "Median of 19 symptom estimates", "estimate": "46.03", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "The 19 source-reported symptom point estimates", "denominator": "19 symptom categories, treated as an unweighted set", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "Median of the 19 published point estimates", "data_period": "Source studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Describes the distribution of symptom-level estimates, not people and not prevalence of any symptom.", "safe_quote": "The median of the 19 pooled symptom point estimates was 46.03%.", "common_misquote": "46.03% of women experience any menopause symptom.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-SYM-MEAN", "topic": "original symptom synthesis", "metric": "Unweighted mean of 19 symptom estimates", "estimate": "46.01", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "The 19 source-reported symptom point estimates", "denominator": "19 symptom categories, treated as an unweighted set", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "Sum of the 19 point estimates divided by 19", "data_period": "Source studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Describes the distribution of symptom-level estimates, not people and not prevalence of any symptom.", "safe_quote": "The unweighted mean of the 19 pooled symptom point estimates was 46.01%.", "common_misquote": "The overall menopause symptom rate is 46.01%.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-SYM-SPREAD", "topic": "original symptom synthesis", "metric": "Highest-to-lowest symptom-estimate spread", "estimate": "44.93", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "The 19 source-reported symptom point estimates", "denominator": "19 symptom categories, treated as an unweighted set", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "65.43 − 20.50", "data_period": "Source studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Describes the distribution of symptom-level estimates, not people and not prevalence of any symptom.", "safe_quote": "The highest and lowest pooled symptom estimates differed by 44.93 percentage points.", "common_misquote": "Individual women experience a 44.93-point change.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-SYM-HOTRANK", "topic": "original symptom synthesis", "metric": "Rank of hot flashes", "estimate": "5", "unit": "of 19 symptoms", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "The 19 source-reported symptom point estimates", "denominator": "19 symptom categories, treated as an unweighted set", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "Sort point estimates descending", "data_period": "Source studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Describes the distribution of symptom-level estimates, not people and not prevalence of any symptom.", "safe_quote": "Hot flashes ranked fifth among the 19 pooled symptom estimates.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes are the fifth most common symptom for every population.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-SYM-WIDESTCI", "topic": "original symptom synthesis", "metric": "Widest reported confidence interval", "estimate": "20.68", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "The 19 source-reported symptom point estimates", "denominator": "19 symptom categories, treated as an unweighted set", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "56.89 − 36.21", "data_period": "Source studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Describes the distribution of symptom-level estimates, not people and not prevalence of any symptom.", "safe_quote": "The reported confidence interval for changes in skin appearance was 20.68 percentage points wide, the widest among the 19 estimates.", "common_misquote": "This interval width proves the symptom is measured inaccurately.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-SYM-NARROWESTCI", "topic": "original symptom synthesis", "metric": "Narrowest reported confidence interval", "estimate": "4.67", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "The 19 source-reported symptom point estimates", "denominator": "19 symptom categories, treated as an unweighted set", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "54.22 − 49.55", "data_period": "Source studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Describes the distribution of symptom-level estimates, not people and not prevalence of any symptom.", "safe_quote": "The reported confidence interval for sleep problems was 4.67 percentage points wide, the narrowest among the 19 estimates.", "common_misquote": "A narrow pooled confidence interval eliminates between-study heterogeneity.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-hot-flashes-premenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Hot flashes", "estimate": "31.31", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Premenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Premenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled premenopause estimate for hot flashes was 31.31%.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-hot-flashes-perimenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Hot flashes", "estimate": "56.52", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Perimenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Perimenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for hot flashes was 56.52%.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-hot-flashes-postmenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Hot flashes", "estimate": "56.74", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Postmenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Postmenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for hot flashes was 56.74%.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-hot-flashes-post-minus-pre", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Hot flashes: postmenopause minus premenopause", "estimate": "25.43", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "56.74 − 31.31", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for hot flashes was 25.43 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-hot-flashes-pre-to-peri", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Hot flashes: premenopause to perimenopause difference", "estimate": "25.21", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "56.52 − 31.31", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for hot flashes was 25.21 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-hot-flashes-peri-to-post", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Hot flashes: perimenopause to postmenopause difference", "estimate": "0.22", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "56.74 − 56.52", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for hot flashes was 0.22 percentage points higher than the pooled perimenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-hot-flashes-pre-peri-share", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Hot flashes: share of full pre-to-post difference located in pre-to-peri step", "estimate": "99.1", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "(56.52 − 31.31) ÷ (56.74 − 31.31) × 100", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "For hot flashes, 99.1% of the arithmetic difference between the pooled premenopause and postmenopause estimates lay between the premenopause and perimenopause estimates.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-vaginal-dryness-premenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Vaginal dryness", "estimate": "21.16", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Premenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Premenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled premenopause estimate for vaginal dryness was 21.16%.", "common_misquote": "Vaginal dryness follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-vaginal-dryness-perimenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Vaginal dryness", "estimate": "36.07", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Perimenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Perimenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for vaginal dryness was 36.07%.", "common_misquote": "Vaginal dryness follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-vaginal-dryness-postmenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Vaginal dryness", "estimate": "44.81", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Postmenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Postmenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for vaginal dryness was 44.81%.", "common_misquote": "Vaginal dryness follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-vaginal-dryness-post-minus-pre", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Vaginal dryness: postmenopause minus premenopause", "estimate": "23.65", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "44.81 − 21.16", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for vaginal dryness was 23.65 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Vaginal dryness changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-vaginal-dryness-pre-to-peri", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Vaginal dryness: premenopause to perimenopause difference", "estimate": "14.91", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "36.07 − 21.16", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for vaginal dryness was 14.91 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Vaginal dryness changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-vaginal-dryness-peri-to-post", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Vaginal dryness: perimenopause to postmenopause difference", "estimate": "8.74", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "44.81 − 36.07", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for vaginal dryness was 8.74 percentage points higher than the pooled perimenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Vaginal dryness changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-vaginal-dryness-pre-peri-share", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Vaginal dryness: share of full pre-to-post difference located in pre-to-peri step", "estimate": "63.0", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "(36.07 − 21.16) ÷ (44.81 − 21.16) × 100", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "For vaginal dryness, 63.0% of the arithmetic difference between the pooled premenopause and postmenopause estimates lay between the premenopause and perimenopause estimates.", "common_misquote": "Vaginal dryness changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-sexual-problems-premenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Sexual problems", "estimate": "35.24", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Premenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Premenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled premenopause estimate for sexual problems was 35.24%.", "common_misquote": "Sexual problems follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-sexual-problems-perimenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Sexual problems", "estimate": "48.82", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Perimenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Perimenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for sexual problems was 48.82%.", "common_misquote": "Sexual problems follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-sexual-problems-postmenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Sexual problems", "estimate": "53.97", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Postmenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Postmenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for sexual problems was 53.97%.", "common_misquote": "Sexual problems follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-sexual-problems-post-minus-pre", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Sexual problems: postmenopause minus premenopause", "estimate": "18.73", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "53.97 − 35.24", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for sexual problems was 18.73 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Sexual problems changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-sexual-problems-pre-to-peri", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Sexual problems: premenopause to perimenopause difference", "estimate": "13.58", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "48.82 − 35.24", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for sexual problems was 13.58 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Sexual problems changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-sexual-problems-peri-to-post", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Sexual problems: perimenopause to postmenopause difference", "estimate": "5.15", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "53.97 − 48.82", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for sexual problems was 5.15 percentage points higher than the pooled perimenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Sexual problems changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-sexual-problems-pre-peri-share", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Sexual problems: share of full pre-to-post difference located in pre-to-peri step", "estimate": "72.5", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "(48.82 − 35.24) ÷ (53.97 − 35.24) × 100", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "For sexual problems, 72.5% of the arithmetic difference between the pooled premenopause and postmenopause estimates lay between the premenopause and perimenopause estimates.", "common_misquote": "Sexual problems changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-urinary-problems-premenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Urinary problems", "estimate": "22.21", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Premenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Premenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled premenopause estimate for urinary problems was 22.21%.", "common_misquote": "Urinary problems follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-urinary-problems-perimenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Urinary problems", "estimate": "33.29", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Perimenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Perimenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for urinary problems was 33.29%.", "common_misquote": "Urinary problems follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-urinary-problems-postmenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Urinary problems", "estimate": "40.27", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Postmenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Postmenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for urinary problems was 40.27%.", "common_misquote": "Urinary problems follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-urinary-problems-post-minus-pre", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Urinary problems: postmenopause minus premenopause", "estimate": "18.06", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "40.27 − 22.21", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for urinary problems was 18.06 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Urinary problems changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-urinary-problems-pre-to-peri", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Urinary problems: premenopause to perimenopause difference", "estimate": "11.08", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "33.29 − 22.21", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for urinary problems was 11.08 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Urinary problems changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-urinary-problems-peri-to-post", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Urinary problems: perimenopause to postmenopause difference", "estimate": "6.98", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "40.27 − 33.29", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for urinary problems was 6.98 percentage points higher than the pooled perimenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Urinary problems changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-urinary-problems-pre-peri-share", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Urinary problems: share of full pre-to-post difference located in pre-to-peri step", "estimate": "61.4", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "(33.29 − 22.21) ÷ (40.27 − 22.21) × 100", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "For urinary problems, 61.4% of the arithmetic difference between the pooled premenopause and postmenopause estimates lay between the premenopause and perimenopause estimates.", "common_misquote": "Urinary problems changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-depression-premenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Depression", "estimate": "36.27", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Premenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Premenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled premenopause estimate for depression was 36.27%.", "common_misquote": "Depression follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-depression-perimenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Depression", "estimate": "47.30", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Perimenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Perimenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for depression was 47.30%.", "common_misquote": "Depression follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "STAGE-depression-postmenopause", "topic": "symptom prevalence by menopause stage", "metric": "Depression", "estimate": "47.62", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Postmenopause study groups represented in the meta-analysis", "denominator": "Stage-specific pooled study population; exact denominator varies", "geography": "Global", "menopause_stage": "Postmenopause", "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analysis", "value_type": "Pooled prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Cross-sectional pooled comparison; stage definitions and instruments varied; does not trace individual progression.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for depression was 47.62%.", "common_misquote": "Depression follows this exact trajectory within every individual.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-depression-post-minus-pre", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Depression: postmenopause minus premenopause", "estimate": "11.35", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "47.62 − 36.27", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for depression was 11.35 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Depression changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-depression-pre-to-peri", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Depression: premenopause to perimenopause difference", "estimate": "11.03", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "47.30 − 36.27", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled perimenopause estimate for depression was 11.03 percentage points higher than the pooled premenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Depression changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-depression-peri-to-post", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Depression: perimenopause to postmenopause difference", "estimate": "0.32", "unit": "percentage points", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "47.62 − 47.30", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "The pooled postmenopause estimate for depression was 0.32 percentage points higher than the pooled perimenopause estimate.", "common_misquote": "Depression changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-STAGE-depression-pre-peri-share", "topic": "original stage synthesis", "metric": "Depression: share of full pre-to-post difference located in pre-to-peri step", "estimate": "97.2", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Stage-specific pooled point estimates", "denominator": "Three pooled stage estimates for one symptom", "geography": "Global source synthesis", "menopause_stage": "Cross-stage comparison", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "(47.30 − 36.27) ÷ (47.62 − 36.27) × 100", "data_period": "Studies published January 2000 through March 2023", "source_title": "Mapping global prevalence of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "source_publisher": "BMC Public Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-19280-5", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic comparison across pooled study groups; cannot establish onset, progression, timing, plateau, or individual course.", "safe_quote": "For depression, 97.2% of the arithmetic difference between the pooled premenopause and postmenopause estimates lay between the premenopause and perimenopause estimates.", "common_misquote": "Depression changes this way within the same women over time.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "AGE-WHO-RANGE", "topic": "age and definition", "metric": "Usual global age range for natural menopause", "estimate": "45–55", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women experiencing natural menopause", "denominator": "WHO general global statement", "geography": "Worldwide", "menopause_stage": "Not applicable", "study_design": "Official health-agency fact", "value_type": "Range", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Fact sheet updated October 16, 2024", "source_title": "Menopause", "source_publisher": "World Health Organization", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/menopause", "material_limitation": "A broad range, not a distribution or an exact age for an individual.", "safe_quote": "Most women experience natural menopause between ages 45 and 55.", "common_misquote": "Every woman reaches menopause between exactly 45 and 55.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "AGE-NIH-AVERAGE", "topic": "age and definition", "metric": "Average age at menopause stated by NIH", "estimate": "51", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "NIH summary statement", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Not applicable", "study_design": "Official health-agency fact", "value_type": "Rounded average", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "NIH fact sheet available in 2024", "source_title": "NIH Fact Sheets on Women’s Health Research", "source_publisher": "NIH Office of Research on Women’s Health", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://orwh.od.nih.gov/sites/orwh/files/docs/NIH%20Fact%20Sheets%20on%20Womens%20Health%20Research_050924_508c.pdf", "material_limitation": "Rounded summary, not a cohort-specific distribution.", "safe_quote": "NIH states that the average age of menopause is 51.", "common_misquote": "Menopause occurs at exactly age 51.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "AGE-CDC-USUAL", "topic": "age and definition", "metric": "Usual U.S. age at menopause stated by CDC", "estimate": "around 52", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "CDC summary statement", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Not applicable", "study_design": "Official health-agency fact", "value_type": "Rounded approximation", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Page updated November 14, 2024", "source_title": "Menopause, Women’s Health, and Work", "source_publisher": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/womens-health/features/menopause-womens-health-and-work.html", "material_limitation": "Approximation, not an exact individual age.", "safe_quote": "CDC states that menopause usually occurs around age 52 in the United States.", "common_misquote": "Every U.S. woman reaches menopause at 52.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "AGE-SWAN-MEDIAN", "topic": "age and definition", "metric": "Median age at natural final menstrual period in SWAN", "estimate": "52.54", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "1483", "population": "SWAN participants with an observed natural final menstrual period", "denominator": "1,483 observed natural FMPs", "geography": "United States, multiethnic SWAN cohort", "menopause_stage": "Not applicable", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Observed cohort median", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN longitudinal follow-up reported in 2013", "source_title": "Factors related to age at natural menopause: longitudinal analyses from SWAN", "source_publisher": "American Journal of Epidemiology", "source_year": "2013", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23788671/", "material_limitation": "Cohort-specific median; not a universal national average.", "safe_quote": "Among 1,483 SWAN participants with an observed natural final menstrual period, the median age was 52.54 years.", "common_misquote": "The exact U.S. menopause age is 52.54.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DEF-MENOPAUSE-12MONTHS", "topic": "age and definition", "metric": "Clinical recognition of natural menopause", "estimate": "12", "unit": "consecutive months without menstruation", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "People experiencing natural menopause", "denominator": "WHO definition", "geography": "Worldwide", "menopause_stage": "Not applicable", "study_design": "Official health-agency definition", "value_type": "Definition", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Fact sheet updated October 16, 2024", "source_title": "Menopause", "source_publisher": "World Health Organization", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/menopause", "material_limitation": "Applies when no other physiological or pathological cause or clinical intervention explains the absence.", "safe_quote": "Natural menopause is recognized after 12 consecutive months without menstruation when no other cause or clinical intervention explains it.", "common_misquote": "Any 12-month absence of menstruation proves natural menopause.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "COUNT-NIH-MORE1M", "topic": "annual U.S. count and provenance", "metric": "U.S. women experiencing menopause each year", "estimate": ">1,000,000", "unit": "women per year", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "Varies by source claim", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Natural menopause, source wording", "study_design": "Official health-agency fact", "value_type": "Official broad statement", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Source page or publication as cited", "source_title": "NIH Fact Sheets on Women’s Health Research", "source_publisher": "NIH ORWH", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://orwh.od.nih.gov/sites/orwh/files/docs/NIH%20Fact%20Sheets%20on%20Womens%20Health%20Research_050924_508c.pdf", "material_limitation": "Broad official wording; not presented as an exact surveillance count.", "safe_quote": "NIH states that more than 1 million U.S. women experience menopause each year.", "common_misquote": "Exactly 1.3 million U.S. women reach menopause each year.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "COUNT-SWHR-6000", "topic": "annual U.S. count and provenance", "metric": "Repeated U.S. daily menopause count", "estimate": "6,000", "unit": "women per day", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "Varies by source claim", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Natural menopause, source wording", "study_design": "Publisher/advocacy page", "value_type": "Repeated estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Source page or publication as cited", "source_title": "Menopause", "source_publisher": "Society for Women’s Health Research", "source_year": "2026", "source_url": "https://swhr.org/health_focus_area/menopause/", "material_limitation": "The audit did not locate an original national incidence method that produced this exact count.", "safe_quote": "SWHR currently states that approximately 6,000 U.S. women enter menopause each day.", "common_misquote": "6,000 per day is a verified official national incidence count.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "qualified" }, { "record_id": "COUNT-SWHR-1.3M", "topic": "annual U.S. count and provenance", "metric": "Repeated U.S. annual menopause count", "estimate": "1,300,000", "unit": "women per year", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "Varies by source claim", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Natural menopause, source wording", "study_design": "Publisher/advocacy fact sheet", "value_type": "Repeated estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Source page or publication as cited", "source_title": "Women’s Health Disparities: Menopause", "source_publisher": "Society for Women’s Health Research", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://swhr.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/SWHR-WHEI-Menopause-Factsheet-2025Feb.pdf", "material_limitation": "Cited through StatPearls; the chain was not resolved to an original national incidence calculation.", "safe_quote": "SWHR’s 2025 fact sheet states that 1.3 million U.S. women enter menopause each year.", "common_misquote": "1.3 million is a current official surveillance count.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "qualified" }, { "record_id": "DER-COUNT-6000-ANNUAL", "topic": "annual U.S. count and provenance", "metric": "Annual equivalent of 6,000 per day", "estimate": "2,190,000", "unit": "women per year", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "Varies by source claim", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Natural menopause, source wording", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "6,000 × 365", "data_period": "Source page or publication as cited", "source_title": "Menopause", "source_publisher": "Society for Women’s Health Research", "source_year": "2026", "source_url": "https://swhr.org/health_focus_area/menopause/", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic conversion of a repeated source claim; does not validate the source claim.", "safe_quote": "Six thousand per day is arithmetically equivalent to 2.19 million per year.", "common_misquote": "2.19 million is an independently verified menopause-incidence count.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "qualified" }, { "record_id": "DER-COUNT-1.3M-DAILY", "topic": "annual U.S. count and provenance", "metric": "Daily equivalent of 1.3 million per year", "estimate": "3,562", "unit": "women per day", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "Varies by source claim", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Natural menopause, source wording", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "1,300,000 ÷ 365, rounded to nearest whole person", "data_period": "Source page or publication as cited", "source_title": "Women’s Health Disparities: Menopause", "source_publisher": "Society for Women’s Health Research", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://swhr.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/SWHR-WHEI-Menopause-Factsheet-2025Feb.pdf", "material_limitation": "Arithmetic conversion of a repeated source claim; does not validate the source claim.", "safe_quote": "A count of 1.3 million per year is arithmetically equivalent to about 3,562 per day.", "common_misquote": "3,562 per day is a verified national incidence count.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "qualified" }, { "record_id": "DER-COUNT-GAP", "topic": "annual U.S. count and provenance", "metric": "Gap between 6,000-per-day annual equivalent and 1.3 million", "estimate": "890,000", "unit": "women per year", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "Varies by source claim", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Natural menopause, source wording", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "(6,000 × 365) − 1,300,000", "data_period": "Source page or publication as cited", "source_title": "Multiple publisher pages", "source_publisher": "The HRT Index Editorial Team", "source_year": "2026", "source_url": "https://swhr.org/health_focus_area/menopause/", "material_limitation": "Compares two incompatible published formulations; does not establish the true annual count.", "safe_quote": "The two repeated figures differ by 890,000 women per year.", "common_misquote": "The true U.S. count is 890,000.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DER-COUNT-RELATIVE", "topic": "annual U.S. count and provenance", "metric": "Relative difference between the two repeated annualized figures", "estimate": "68.5", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. women", "denominator": "Varies by source claim", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Natural menopause, source wording", "study_design": "Derived arithmetic", "value_type": "Original calculation", "calculation": "[(2,190,000 − 1,300,000) ÷ 1,300,000] × 100", "data_period": "Source page or publication as cited", "source_title": "Multiple publisher pages", "source_publisher": "The HRT Index Editorial Team", "source_year": "2026", "source_url": "https://swhr.org/health_focus_area/menopause/", "material_limitation": "Compares two source claims, neither of which was validated as an exact national incidence count.", "safe_quote": "The 6,000-per-day formulation implies an annual count 68.5% higher than 1.3 million.", "common_misquote": "Actual U.S. menopause incidence is 68.5% higher than an official estimate.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "GLOBAL-WHO-50PLUS-2021", "topic": "global demography", "metric": "Women aged 50 and older as a share of women and girls globally", "estimate": "26", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women or women and girls, as defined by the source", "denominator": "Source-specific global population", "geography": "Worldwide", "menopause_stage": "Age proxy or source-defined", "study_design": "Official health-agency demographic fact", "value_type": "Observed age-based demographic summary", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "2021", "source_title": "Menopause", "source_publisher": "World Health Organization", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/menopause", "material_limitation": "Age 50 and older is not directly measured menopause status.", "safe_quote": "In 2021, women aged 50 and older represented 26% of women and girls globally.", "common_misquote": "In 2021, 26% of women worldwide were menopausal.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "GLOBAL-WHO-50PLUS-2011", "topic": "global demography", "metric": "Women aged 50 and older as a share of women and girls globally ten years earlier", "estimate": "22", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women or women and girls, as defined by the source", "denominator": "Source-specific global population", "geography": "Worldwide", "menopause_stage": "Age proxy or source-defined", "study_design": "Official health-agency demographic fact", "value_type": "Observed age-based demographic summary", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Approximately 2011", "source_title": "Menopause", "source_publisher": "World Health Organization", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/menopause", "material_limitation": "Age 50 and older is not directly measured menopause status.", "safe_quote": "WHO reports that the share was 22% ten years before 2021.", "common_misquote": "22% was the measured global menopause prevalence.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "GLOBAL-WHO-LIFE60", "topic": "global demography", "metric": "Average additional life expectancy at age 60", "estimate": "21", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women or women and girls, as defined by the source", "denominator": "Source-specific global population", "geography": "Worldwide", "menopause_stage": "Age proxy or source-defined", "study_design": "Official health-agency demographic fact", "value_type": "Observed global longevity summary", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "2019", "source_title": "Menopause", "source_publisher": "World Health Organization", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/menopause", "material_limitation": "Longevity statistic, not symptom duration or years since menopause.", "safe_quote": "WHO states that a woman aged 60 in 2019 could expect to live another 21 years on average.", "common_misquote": "Menopause lasts 21 years.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "GLOBAL-HILL-1990", "topic": "global demography", "metric": "Estimated global postmenopausal population in 1990", "estimate": "467,000,000", "unit": "women", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women or women and girls, as defined by the source", "denominator": "Source-specific global population", "geography": "Worldwide", "menopause_stage": "Age proxy or source-defined", "study_design": "Demographic model/review", "value_type": "Historical modeled estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "1990", "source_title": "The demography of menopause", "source_publisher": "Maturitas", "source_year": "1996", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8735350/", "material_limitation": "Used age 50 as a proxy for menopause.", "safe_quote": "A 1996 demographic paper estimated 467 million postmenopausal women worldwide in 1990 using age 50 as a proxy.", "common_misquote": "467 million was a direct global menopause-status census.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "historical" }, { "record_id": "GLOBAL-HILL-2030", "topic": "global demography", "metric": "Projected global menopausal and postmenopausal population by 2030", "estimate": "1,200,000,000", "unit": "women", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women or women and girls, as defined by the source", "denominator": "Source-specific global population", "geography": "Worldwide", "menopause_stage": "Age proxy or source-defined", "study_design": "Demographic model/review", "value_type": "Historical projection", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "2030 projection", "source_title": "The demography of menopause", "source_publisher": "Maturitas", "source_year": "1996", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8735350/", "material_limitation": "Projection published in 1996 using age 50 as a proxy; not a current observed count.", "safe_quote": "A 1996 demographic model projected 1.2 billion menopausal and postmenopausal women by 2030 using age 50 as a proxy.", "common_misquote": "There are currently 1.2 billion directly measured menopausal women worldwide.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "historical" }, { "record_id": "GLOBAL-HILL-ENTRANTS2030", "topic": "global demography", "metric": "Projected annual new entrants by 2030", "estimate": "47,000,000", "unit": "women per year", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women or women and girls, as defined by the source", "denominator": "Source-specific global population", "geography": "Worldwide", "menopause_stage": "Age proxy or source-defined", "study_design": "Demographic model/review", "value_type": "Historical projection", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "2030 projection", "source_title": "The demography of menopause", "source_publisher": "Maturitas", "source_year": "1996", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8735350/", "material_limitation": "Projection published in 1996 using age 50 as a proxy.", "safe_quote": "The 1996 model projected 47 million new entrants annually by 2030.", "common_misquote": "Current observed global annual menopause incidence is exactly 47 million.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "historical" }, { "record_id": "DUR-TOTAL", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration", "metric": "Median total duration of frequent vasomotor symptoms", "estimate": "7.4", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "1449", "population": "1,449 women reporting frequent VMS", "denominator": "All participants in total-duration analysis", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Mixed transition stages", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Median duration", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Frequent VMS required symptoms on at least 6 days in the prior 2 weeks; subgroup-specific; annual assessment and censoring may underestimate duration.", "safe_quote": "The median total duration of frequent vasomotor symptoms was 7.4 years among 1,449 SWAN participants.", "common_misquote": "Hot flashes last 7.4 years on average for all women.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-POSTFMP", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration", "metric": "Median persistence of frequent VMS after final menstrual period", "estimate": "4.5", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "881", "population": "881 frequent-VMS participants with an observable FMP", "denominator": "Post-FMP persistence analysis", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Post-FMP", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Median duration", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Frequent VMS required symptoms on at least 6 days in the prior 2 weeks; subgroup-specific; annual assessment and censoring may underestimate duration.", "safe_quote": "Among 881 SWAN participants with an observable final menstrual period, frequent VMS persisted for a median of 4.5 years afterward.", "common_misquote": "All women have symptoms for 4.5 years after menopause.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-EARLY-TOTAL", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration", "metric": "Median total duration when frequent VMS first reported in premenopause or early perimenopause", "estimate": ">11.8", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Early-onset frequent-VMS subgroup", "denominator": "Participants first reporting frequent VMS in premenopause or early perimenopause", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Premenopause or early perimenopause at first report", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Median duration", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Frequent VMS required symptoms on at least 6 days in the prior 2 weeks; subgroup-specific; annual assessment and censoring may underestimate duration.", "safe_quote": "Women first reporting frequent VMS in premenopause or early perimenopause had a median total duration longer than 11.8 years.", "common_misquote": "Every woman with early symptoms will have them longer than 11.8 years.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-EARLY-POSTFMP", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration", "metric": "Median post-FMP persistence in early-onset frequent-VMS group", "estimate": "9.4", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Early-onset frequent-VMS subgroup", "denominator": "Participants first reporting frequent VMS in premenopause or early perimenopause", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Post-FMP", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Median duration", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Frequent VMS required symptoms on at least 6 days in the prior 2 weeks; subgroup-specific; annual assessment and censoring may underestimate duration.", "safe_quote": "The early-onset frequent-VMS group had median post-FMP persistence of 9.4 years.", "common_misquote": "All women have VMS for 9.4 years after menopause.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-POSTONSET", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration", "metric": "Median total duration when frequent VMS first reported in postmenopause", "estimate": "3.4", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Postmenopausal-onset frequent-VMS subgroup", "denominator": "Participants first reporting frequent VMS in postmenopause", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Postmenopause at first report", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Median duration", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Frequent VMS required symptoms on at least 6 days in the prior 2 weeks; subgroup-specific; annual assessment and censoring may underestimate duration.", "safe_quote": "Women first reporting frequent VMS in postmenopause had a median total duration of 3.4 years.", "common_misquote": "Postmenopausal hot flashes always last 3.4 years.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-GROUP-AFRICAN-AMERICAN", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration by study group", "metric": "Unadjusted median total duration: African American participants", "estimate": "10.1", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "African American SWAN participants who experienced frequent VMS", "denominator": "Frequent-VMS subgroup", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Unadjusted descriptive median", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Unadjusted descriptive subgroup median; does not identify cause or establish innate differences.", "safe_quote": "In SWAN’s frequent-VMS sample, the unadjusted median total duration among African American participants was 10.1 years.", "common_misquote": "African American women biologically experience exactly 10.1 years of symptoms.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-GROUP-HISPANIC", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration by study group", "metric": "Unadjusted median total duration: Hispanic participants", "estimate": "8.9", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Hispanic SWAN participants who experienced frequent VMS", "denominator": "Frequent-VMS subgroup", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Unadjusted descriptive median", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Unadjusted descriptive subgroup median; does not identify cause or establish innate differences.", "safe_quote": "In SWAN’s frequent-VMS sample, the unadjusted median total duration among Hispanic participants was 8.9 years.", "common_misquote": "Hispanic women biologically experience exactly 8.9 years of symptoms.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-GROUP-NON-HISPANIC-WHITE", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration by study group", "metric": "Unadjusted median total duration: Non-Hispanic White participants", "estimate": "6.5", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Non-Hispanic White SWAN participants who experienced frequent VMS", "denominator": "Frequent-VMS subgroup", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Unadjusted descriptive median", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Unadjusted descriptive subgroup median; does not identify cause or establish innate differences.", "safe_quote": "In SWAN’s frequent-VMS sample, the unadjusted median total duration among Non-Hispanic White participants was 6.5 years.", "common_misquote": "Non-Hispanic White women biologically experience exactly 6.5 years of symptoms.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-GROUP-CHINESE", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration by study group", "metric": "Unadjusted median total duration: Chinese participants", "estimate": "5.4", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Chinese SWAN participants who experienced frequent VMS", "denominator": "Frequent-VMS subgroup", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Unadjusted descriptive median", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Unadjusted descriptive subgroup median; does not identify cause or establish innate differences.", "safe_quote": "In SWAN’s frequent-VMS sample, the unadjusted median total duration among Chinese participants was 5.4 years.", "common_misquote": "Chinese women biologically experience exactly 5.4 years of symptoms.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "DUR-GROUP-JAPANESE", "topic": "vasomotor symptom duration by study group", "metric": "Unadjusted median total duration: Japanese participants", "estimate": "4.8", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Japanese SWAN participants who experienced frequent VMS", "denominator": "Frequent-VMS subgroup", "geography": "Mixed U.S. SWAN sites", "menopause_stage": "Mixed", "study_design": "Longitudinal cohort analysis", "value_type": "Unadjusted descriptive median", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "SWAN follow-up reported in 2015", "source_title": "Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition", "source_publisher": "JAMA Internal Medicine", "source_year": "2015", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2110996", "material_limitation": "Unadjusted descriptive subgroup median; does not identify cause or establish innate differences.", "safe_quote": "In SWAN’s frequent-VMS sample, the unadjusted median total duration among Japanese participants was 4.8 years.", "common_misquote": "Japanese women biologically experience exactly 4.8 years of symptoms.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "POI-PREVALENCE-RANGE", "topic": "primary ovarian insufficiency", "metric": "Non-iatrogenic POI prevalence range", "estimate": "1–3.5", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women in populations represented by older and recent POI studies", "denominator": "General female populations, source-specific", "geography": "International", "menopause_stage": "Before age 40", "study_design": "International evidence-based guideline", "value_type": "Evidence range", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Evidence summarized in 2024 guideline", "source_title": "Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency", "source_publisher": "Human Reproduction Open", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://academic.oup.com/hropen/article/2024/4/hoae065/7918369", "material_limitation": "Varies by population, ethnicity, definition, and study era; excludes iatrogenic POI in this statement.", "safe_quote": "The 2024 international guideline reports non-iatrogenic POI prevalence estimates from approximately 1% in older studies to 3.5% in recent publications.", "common_misquote": "POI affects exactly 1% of all women.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "POI-DEFINITION", "topic": "primary ovarian insufficiency", "metric": "POI age definition", "estimate": "<40", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women with loss of ovarian activity", "denominator": "Guideline definition", "geography": "International", "menopause_stage": "Before age 40", "study_design": "International evidence-based guideline", "value_type": "Definition", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "2024 guideline", "source_title": "Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency", "source_publisher": "Human Reproduction Open", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://academic.oup.com/hropen/article/2024/4/hoae065/7918369", "material_limitation": "Requires clinical and biochemical criteria; prevalence data cannot diagnose an individual.", "safe_quote": "Primary ovarian insufficiency is defined as loss of ovarian activity before age 40.", "common_misquote": "Any symptom before age 40 proves POI.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "EARLY-MENOPAUSE-DEFINITION", "topic": "early menopause", "metric": "Early menopause age definition", "estimate": "40–44", "unit": "years", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women with cessation of ovarian function", "denominator": "Guideline definition", "geography": "International", "menopause_stage": "Early menopause", "study_design": "International evidence-based guideline", "value_type": "Definition", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "2024 guideline", "source_title": "Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency", "source_publisher": "Human Reproduction Open", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://academic.oup.com/hropen/article/2024/4/hoae065/7918369", "material_limitation": "The guideline defines the age band but does not provide one universal headline prevalence estimate for early menopause.", "safe_quote": "The guideline defines early menopause as cessation of ovarian function from age 40 through 44.", "common_misquote": "The guideline states that exactly 5% of women have early menopause.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "WORK-ADVERSE", "topic": "workplace outcomes", "metric": "Employed respondents reporting at least one adverse work outcome", "estimate": "13.4", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "4440", "population": "Employed survey respondents at four Mayo Clinic sites", "denominator": "4,440 employed respondents", "geography": "United States, four Mayo Clinic sites", "menopause_stage": "Ages 45–60, mixed menopause status", "study_design": "Cross-sectional employee survey", "value_type": "Observed survey estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Survey conducted March 1 through June 30, 2021", "source_title": "Impact of Menopause Symptoms on Women in the Workplace", "source_publisher": "Mayo Clinic Proceedings", "source_year": "2023", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37115119/", "material_limitation": "16.1% response rate; 93.0% White analytic sample; four-site survey; national cost is an extrapolation.", "safe_quote": "Among 4,440 employed respondents at four Mayo Clinic sites, 13.4% reported at least one adverse work outcome attributed to menopause symptoms.", "common_misquote": "13.4% of all U.S. working women have an adverse work outcome.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "WORK-MISSED", "topic": "workplace outcomes", "metric": "Employed respondents reporting missed work", "estimate": "10.8", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "4440", "population": "Employed survey respondents at four Mayo Clinic sites", "denominator": "4,440 employed respondents", "geography": "United States, four Mayo Clinic sites", "menopause_stage": "Ages 45–60, mixed menopause status", "study_design": "Cross-sectional employee survey", "value_type": "Observed survey estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Survey conducted March 1 through June 30, 2021", "source_title": "Impact of Menopause Symptoms on Women in the Workplace", "source_publisher": "Mayo Clinic Proceedings", "source_year": "2023", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37115119/", "material_limitation": "16.1% response rate; 93.0% White analytic sample; four-site survey; national cost is an extrapolation.", "safe_quote": "Among 4,440 employed respondents, 10.8% reported missing work in the prior 12 months because of menopause symptoms.", "common_misquote": "10.8% of all U.S. workers miss work because of menopause.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "WORK-DAYS", "topic": "workplace outcomes", "metric": "Median missed work among those reporting missed work", "estimate": "3", "unit": "days", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "480", "population": "Employed survey respondents at four Mayo Clinic sites", "denominator": "480 respondents reporting missed work", "geography": "United States, four Mayo Clinic sites", "menopause_stage": "Ages 45–60, mixed menopause status", "study_design": "Cross-sectional employee survey", "value_type": "Observed survey estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Survey conducted March 1 through June 30, 2021", "source_title": "Impact of Menopause Symptoms on Women in the Workplace", "source_publisher": "Mayo Clinic Proceedings", "source_year": "2023", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37115119/", "material_limitation": "16.1% response rate; 93.0% White analytic sample; four-site survey; national cost is an extrapolation.", "safe_quote": "Among respondents who reported missed work, the median was 3 days.", "common_misquote": "Every respondent missed 3 days.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "WORK-OR", "topic": "workplace outcomes", "metric": "Adjusted odds of adverse work outcome, highest versus lowest symptom-severity quartile", "estimate": "15.6", "unit": "odds ratio", "lower_ci": "10.7", "upper_ci": "22.7", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "4440", "population": "Employed survey respondents at four Mayo Clinic sites", "denominator": "4,440 employed respondents", "geography": "United States, four Mayo Clinic sites", "menopause_stage": "Ages 45–60, mixed menopause status", "study_design": "Cross-sectional employee survey", "value_type": "Observed survey estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Survey conducted March 1 through June 30, 2021", "source_title": "Impact of Menopause Symptoms on Women in the Workplace", "source_publisher": "Mayo Clinic Proceedings", "source_year": "2023", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37115119/", "material_limitation": "16.1% response rate; 93.0% White analytic sample; four-site survey; national cost is an extrapolation.", "safe_quote": "Women in the highest symptom-severity quartile had 15.6 times the adjusted odds of an adverse work outcome compared with the lowest quartile.", "common_misquote": "Severe symptoms cause exactly 15.6 times more work loss.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "WORK-COST", "topic": "workplace outcomes", "metric": "Estimated annual U.S. loss from missed work time", "estimate": "1.8", "unit": "billion U.S. dollars", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "4440", "population": "Employed survey respondents at four Mayo Clinic sites", "denominator": "4,440 employed respondents", "geography": "United States, four Mayo Clinic sites", "menopause_stage": "Ages 45–60, mixed menopause status", "study_design": "Cross-sectional employee survey", "value_type": "National extrapolation", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Survey conducted March 1 through June 30, 2021", "source_title": "Impact of Menopause Symptoms on Women in the Workplace", "source_publisher": "Mayo Clinic Proceedings", "source_year": "2023", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37115119/", "material_limitation": "16.1% response rate; 93.0% White analytic sample; four-site survey; national cost is an extrapolation.", "safe_quote": "The 2023 Mayo Clinic study extrapolated approximately $1.8 billion in annual U.S. lost work time associated with menopause symptoms.", "common_misquote": "The total U.S. economic cost of menopause is $1.8 billion.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "CARE-TREATED-COUNT", "topic": "menopause treatment", "metric": "Women ages 45–64 treated for menopause", "estimate": "2,100,000", "unit": "women", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Average annual U.S. population represented by pooled MEPS data", "denominator": "All U.S. women ages 45–64", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or report-defined", "study_design": "Original analysis of pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data", "value_type": "Weighted national estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Average annual 2016–2021, interpreted by authors as 2021 estimate", "source_title": "Women in Menopause Often Go Untreated", "source_publisher": "AARP Public Policy Institute and NORC", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/health/conditions-treatment/menopause-women-untreated/", "material_limitation": "Menopause was identified when linked to a reported medical event; untreated or unrecorded menopause is not included; multiple survey years were pooled.", "safe_quote": "The AARP/NORC analysis estimated 2.1 million U.S. women ages 45–64 were treated for menopause.", "common_misquote": "2.1 million is the total number of U.S. women in menopause.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "CARE-TREATED-RATE", "topic": "menopause treatment", "metric": "Treated prevalence among women ages 45–64", "estimate": "5.0", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "All U.S. women ages 45–64", "denominator": "All U.S. women ages 45–64", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or report-defined", "study_design": "Original analysis of pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data", "value_type": "Weighted national estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Average annual 2016–2021", "source_title": "Women in Menopause Often Go Untreated", "source_publisher": "AARP Public Policy Institute and NORC", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/health/conditions-treatment/menopause-women-untreated/", "material_limitation": "Menopause was identified when linked to a reported medical event; untreated or unrecorded menopause is not included; multiple survey years were pooled.", "safe_quote": "The analysis estimated that 5.0% of U.S. women ages 45–64 were treated for menopause.", "common_misquote": "Only 5% of menopausal women receive treatment.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "CARE-SHARE-MENOPAUSE", "topic": "menopause treatment", "metric": "Estimated share treated among women in menopause", "estimate": "20–25", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Women in menopause, report-derived denominator", "denominator": "Women in menopause", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or report-defined", "study_design": "Original analysis of pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data", "value_type": "Weighted national estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Average annual 2016–2021", "source_title": "Women in Menopause Often Go Untreated", "source_publisher": "AARP Public Policy Institute and NORC", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/health/conditions-treatment/menopause-women-untreated/", "material_limitation": "Menopause was identified when linked to a reported medical event; untreated or unrecorded menopause is not included; multiple survey years were pooled.", "safe_quote": "The report estimated that treated women represented roughly 20% to 25% of women in menopause.", "common_misquote": "Exactly 20% to 25% of all symptomatic women receive effective treatment.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "CARE-HISPANIC", "topic": "menopause treatment", "metric": "Treated prevalence among Hispanic women ages 45–64", "estimate": "2.7", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Hispanic U.S. women ages 45–64", "denominator": "Hispanic U.S. women ages 45–64", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or report-defined", "study_design": "Original analysis of pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data", "value_type": "Weighted national estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Average annual 2016–2021", "source_title": "Women in Menopause Often Go Untreated", "source_publisher": "AARP Public Policy Institute and NORC", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/health/conditions-treatment/menopause-women-untreated/", "material_limitation": "Menopause was identified when linked to a reported medical event; untreated or unrecorded menopause is not included; multiple survey years were pooled.", "safe_quote": "The analysis estimated treated prevalence of 2.7% among Hispanic women ages 45–64.", "common_misquote": "2.7% is the prevalence of menopause symptoms among Hispanic women.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "CARE-BLACK", "topic": "menopause treatment", "metric": "Treated prevalence among non-Hispanic Black women ages 45–64", "estimate": "2.5", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Non-Hispanic Black U.S. women ages 45–64", "denominator": "Non-Hispanic Black U.S. women ages 45–64", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or report-defined", "study_design": "Original analysis of pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data", "value_type": "Weighted national estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Average annual 2016–2021", "source_title": "Women in Menopause Often Go Untreated", "source_publisher": "AARP Public Policy Institute and NORC", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/health/conditions-treatment/menopause-women-untreated/", "material_limitation": "Menopause was identified when linked to a reported medical event; untreated or unrecorded menopause is not included; multiple survey years were pooled.", "safe_quote": "The analysis estimated treated prevalence of 2.5% among non-Hispanic Black women ages 45–64.", "common_misquote": "2.5% is the prevalence of menopause among Black women.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "CARE-WHITE", "topic": "menopause treatment", "metric": "Treated prevalence among non-Hispanic White women ages 45–64", "estimate": "6.3", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Non-Hispanic White U.S. women ages 45–64", "denominator": "Non-Hispanic White U.S. women ages 45–64", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or report-defined", "study_design": "Original analysis of pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data", "value_type": "Weighted national estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Average annual 2016–2021", "source_title": "Women in Menopause Often Go Untreated", "source_publisher": "AARP Public Policy Institute and NORC", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/health/conditions-treatment/menopause-women-untreated/", "material_limitation": "Menopause was identified when linked to a reported medical event; untreated or unrecorded menopause is not included; multiple survey years were pooled.", "safe_quote": "The analysis estimated treated prevalence of 6.3% among non-Hispanic White women ages 45–64.", "common_misquote": "6.3% is the prevalence of menopause among White women.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "CARE-HRT-57-64", "topic": "menopause treatment", "metric": "HRT prescription among treated women ages 57–64", "estimate": "76.3", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Treated women ages 57–64", "denominator": "Treated women ages 57–64", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or report-defined", "study_design": "Original analysis of pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data", "value_type": "Weighted national estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Average annual 2016–2021", "source_title": "Women in Menopause Often Go Untreated", "source_publisher": "AARP Public Policy Institute and NORC", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/health/conditions-treatment/menopause-women-untreated/", "material_limitation": "Menopause was identified when linked to a reported medical event; untreated or unrecorded menopause is not included; multiple survey years were pooled.", "safe_quote": "Among women ages 57–64 identified as treated for menopause, 76.3% had an HRT prescription.", "common_misquote": "76.3% of all women ages 57–64 use HRT.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "CARE-HRT-45-56", "topic": "menopause treatment", "metric": "HRT prescription among treated women ages 45–56", "estimate": "56.1", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "", "upper_ci": "", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "Treated women ages 45–56", "denominator": "Treated women ages 45–56", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Mixed or report-defined", "study_design": "Original analysis of pooled Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data", "value_type": "Weighted national estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "Average annual 2016–2021", "source_title": "Women in Menopause Often Go Untreated", "source_publisher": "AARP Public Policy Institute and NORC", "source_year": "2025", "source_url": "https://www.aarp.org/pri/topics/health/conditions-treatment/menopause-women-untreated/", "material_limitation": "Menopause was identified when linked to a reported medical event; untreated or unrecorded menopause is not included; multiple survey years were pooled.", "safe_quote": "Among women ages 45–56 identified as treated for menopause, 56.1% had an HRT prescription.", "common_misquote": "56.1% of all women ages 45–56 use HRT.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "MHT-1999-2000", "topic": "menopausal hormone therapy use", "metric": "Current prescription MHT use", "estimate": "26.9", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "22.6", "upper_ci": "31.7", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. postmenopausal women in NHANES; 13,048 participants across all analyzed survey cycles", "denominator": "Nationally representative postmenopausal sample", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Postmenopause", "study_design": "Serial cross-sectional NHANES analysis", "value_type": "Weighted prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "1999–2000", "source_title": "Menopausal Hormone Therapy Use Among Postmenopausal Women", "source_publisher": "JAMA Health Forum", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2823976", "material_limitation": "Prescription MHT use among postmenopausal women; not treatment prevalence among all women ages 45–64.", "safe_quote": "Estimated current prescription MHT use among U.S. postmenopausal women was 26.9% in 1999–2000.", "common_misquote": "26.9% of all U.S. women use HRT.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" }, { "record_id": "MHT-2017-2020", "topic": "menopausal hormone therapy use", "metric": "Current prescription MHT use", "estimate": "4.7", "unit": "percent", "lower_ci": "3.4", "upper_ci": "6.5", "study_count": "", "sample_size": "", "population": "U.S. postmenopausal women in NHANES; 13,048 participants across all analyzed survey cycles", "denominator": "Nationally representative postmenopausal sample", "geography": "United States", "menopause_stage": "Postmenopause", "study_design": "Serial cross-sectional NHANES analysis", "value_type": "Weighted prevalence estimate", "calculation": "Source-reported", "data_period": "2017–March 2020", "source_title": "Menopausal Hormone Therapy Use Among Postmenopausal Women", "source_publisher": "JAMA Health Forum", "source_year": "2024", "source_url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2823976", "material_limitation": "Prescription MHT use among postmenopausal women; not treatment prevalence among all women ages 45–64.", "safe_quote": "Estimated current prescription MHT use among U.S. postmenopausal women was 4.7% in the 2017–March 2020 cycle.", "common_misquote": "4.7% of all U.S. women use HRT.", "verified_on": "2026-08-01", "dataset_version": "1.0", "publish_status": "publish" } ] }